free buffer waits

官网解释:
This wait event indicates that a server process was unable to find a free buffer and has posted the database writer to make free buffers by writing out dirty buffers. A dirty buffer is a buffer whose contents have been modified. Dirty buffers are freed for reuse when DBWR has written the blocks to disk.
解释:
此等待事件表示服务器进程无法找到可用的buffer,并通过写出脏buffer来创建空闲缓冲区。
脏buffer指的的那些内容被修改的块儿,当DBWR将块写入磁盘时,可以释放脏的缓冲区以供重用。
Causes:
DBWR may not be keeping up with writing dirty buffers in the following situations:
- The I/O system is slow. 
- There are resources it is waiting for, such as latches. 
- The buffer cache is so small that DBWR spends most of its time cleaning out buffers for server processes. 
- The buffer cache is so big that one DBWR process is not enough to free enough buffers in the cache to satisfy requests. 
Actions:
If this event occurs frequently, then examine the session waits for DBWR to see whether there is anything delaying DBWR.
如果此事件频繁发生,则检查会话是否等待DBWR查看是否有任何延迟DBWR。
解释:
当一个会话将数据块从磁盘读到内存中时,它需要找到空闲的内存空间来存放这些数据块,
当内存中没有空闲的空间时,就会产生这个等待;
会话在做一致性读时,需要构造数据块在某个时刻的前映像(p_w_picpath),
此时需要申请内存来存放这些新构造的数据块,但内存中无法找到这样的可用内存块。
当数据库中出现比较严重的free buffer waits等待事件时,可能的原因是:
(1)database buffer cache 太小,
(2)导致空闲空间不够,比如内存中的脏数据太多, DBWR 无法及时将这些脏数据写到磁盘中以释放空间
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